Top US engineer in piss-off-everybody car fuel solution
Farmers, oil barons, terrorists, Honda: All bastards
An American aerospace engineer and tech author has written a book suggesting that America - and with it the rich West - should free itself from dependence on oil, as oil money is the primary driver behind jihadi extremism.
Robert Zubrin has an impressive panoply of technical credentials. His first degree was in maths and he holds an aerospace masters degree, plus another masters and a doctorate in nuclear engineering. He spent seven years working on space propulsion at Lockheed, and now runs his own company, Pioneer Astronautics, which does tech studies for the US space programme.
In his time off from designing spacecraft, Zubrin has written many books and articles promoting space exploration and industries. He also wrote a satire on the Israeli/Palestinian/Arab problem of the Middle East, called The Holy Land. In Zubrin's nominally sci-fi setting, an interstellar Western Galactic Empire decides to resettle a group of aliens in their long-lost homeland, which is in fact on Earth, in America. The US government attempts to wipe out the Minervans by force, but is defeated.
Frustrated, Washington deliberately mistreats the American refugees displaced by the Minervans, forcing them to live in camps near the Minervan enclave as a propaganda opportunity. Then the President sponsors deniable terrorist attacks on both the Minervan aliens and the offworld Western Galactic Empire. The American terror campaign is funded largely by offworld revenue from an advanced energy source - much prized by the aliens - which has been discovered elsewhere in the States. (Geddit?)
Now Dr Zubrin has expanded on the themes addressed in The Holy Land in his new book, Energy Victory. He has already written up his thoughts around the issue in articles at The New Atlantis, an online tech-issues mag put out by the Ethics and Public Policy Center - "Washington DC's premier institute dedicated to applying the Judeo-Christian moral tradition to critical issues of public policy".
In essence, Zubrin says that the OPEC oil cartel - and in particular its heaviest hitters, the Saudi royal house - are no friends of the wealthy liberal West, nor the downtrodden poor of the Third World. He argues that OPEC's production quotas keep the price of oil far higher than the free-market price and far and away higher than the costs of production. This channels colossal sums of hard currency into the hands of inimical governments...
Saudi Arabia is the primary global financier of the Islamist terror cult. Until the Saudis started racking up billions in inflated oil revenues in the 1970s, the Wahhabi movement was regarded by Muslims the world over as little more than primitive insanity... it is the Saudis’ unlimited funds — over $200 billion in foreign exchange earnings in 2006 — that have allowed them to buy up the faculties of the Islamic world’s leading intellectual centers; to build or take over thousands of mosques; to establish thousands of radical madrassas, pay their instructors, and provide the free daily meals necessary to entice legions of poor village boys to attend. Those boys are indoctrinated with the idea that the way to get into paradise is to murder Christians, Jews, Buddhists, Taoists, and Hindus (not to mention moderate Muslims)... We have been subsidizing a war against ourselves.Iran is now using its petroleum lucre to fund its nuclear program and to insulate itself from economic sanctions imposed on it... This is one of the gravest threats to international peace and stability — and, again, we are paying for it ourselves with oil revenue.
So us Westerners need to kick the oil habit, not particularly because of global warming or pollution, but for the simple reason that 90 per cent or better of the money we pay for it gets skimmed by unpleasant zealots and used to radicalise peaceable Muslims into a war on the free West. The high prices that allow this massive skim, meanwhile, serve to cripple Third World economies as they are unable to afford the transport and energy which would let them grow.
Zubrin's solution, perhaps strangely for an engineer with a deep background in nuclear power systems*, does not involve hydrogen. Indeed he pours scorn on "new energy charlatans" who peddle the "hydrogen hoax".
It’s all pure bunk. To get serious about energy policy, America needs to abandon, once and for all, the false promise of the hydrogen age... Hydrogen, therefore, is not a source of energy. It simply is a carrier of energy... an extremely poor one.
OK then, no hydrogen cars. (Honda will be really cheesed off.) So what does Zubrin advocate?
In short, alcohol fuel. Bio-fuel, then?
Some reviewers of Energy Victory think so. Economics prof Louis Putterman says that Zubrin "argues provocatively for a bio-fuel based approach".
In fact Zubrin doesn't, quite; or not bio-fuel as currently understood anyway. He certainly isn't in favour of powering American transport on corn ethanol produced by (1) heavily subsidised and protected Midwestern farmers, or (2) robbing food from starving foreigners.
Zubrin notes that making ethanol - booze alcohol - out of human-edible food is expensive and problematic, becuase people like to eat and drink it. He thinks that one day we'll learn how to make fuel out of inedible (to us) biomass cellulose, but freely admits that it can't be done yet.
Should the price of oil drop... some combination of tariffs, subsidies, or preferential taxes would be required to keep crop-fermentation ethanol competitive... research is currently underway... to transform cellulose into a starch or sugar, which would thus be fermentable... this should be possible, because grazing animals such as horses, deer, and cattle perform this trick in their stomachs all the time... cellulosic ethanol technology appears highly probable, but we don’t have it yet.
Instead, Zubrin holds up the idea of using methanol - wood alcohol. As its traditional name implies, you can make it out of the inedible bits of plants. You can also, of course, make it from coal - and America has an awful lot of coal. According to Zubrin, you can make methanol out of "used candy wrappers, plastic forks, or Styrofoam coffee cups" too.
Why aren't we doing it already, then?
COMMENTS
Mobile hydrogen FC efficiency is the issue
@t
No I don't always go to advanced textbooks immediately either, but if I'm trying to prove a point, I don't use other talking heads as source material. Wikipedia does have a place IMO (Youtube, does not), as a source of more valid references. The actual articles there, although sometimes surprisingly accurate, are in reality, little more than opinion pieces that have not been peer reviewed.
As far as hydrogen fuel cell efficiency, this was calculated from the power mains. Taking one aspect of it (hydrolysis) and stating that IS the efficiency is a typical, uninformed, wikipediea/youtube argument. Look at the link, here's the efficiency in total in best case scenario ... your results may vary but will likely be MUCH LOWER (and no I'm not using Myer's efficiency because: 1. It has not been reproducible and. 2. I can't even find a reliable source that addresses it, much less definitively states it.
Electrolysis 75%, Liquification 60%, Transport 96%, Bulk storage 97%, Vehicle storage 97%,Mobile Fuel Cell 60%
Multiply all those efficiencies together and you get the full cycle efficiency ... 0.75x0.60x0.96x0.97x0.97x0.60= 24%
Again, best case scenario. Now go look up the cycle efficiency of lead acid, NiMH, and Li-ion batteries, the three types used in BEV's today. You'll find (in addition to where I get those numbers) interestingly enough, than the least efficient battery actually uses hydrogen (as a hydride) aka Nickel metal hydride cells.
As for using algae and energy from the sun, you are talking about unpublished, unverified research (cold fusion anyone?) but let's assume that everything they claim is true. It still doesn't change the equation, it just makes it far worse. They say their efficiency converting light energy to hydrogen energy is about 10%. I think it's safe to say that it is below 11%, otherwise (at these very low numbers) they would have claimed every additional percentage as it would be significant. I'll be generous and go with 11% and compare BEV to FCEV.
Better end of solar electric panels (from published research in 2005) = 30%
http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/001918.html
SOLAR POWERED BEV
photoelectric efficiency 30%, Battery charger efficiency 96%, Battery cycle efficiency (worst case) 80%.
Total efficiency for solar powered BEV = 23%
AlLGAEL SOLAR POWERED FCEV
Algael photosynthesis of hydrogen 11%, Liquefaction of hydrogen 60%, Transport 96%, Bulk storage 97%, Vehicle storage 97%, Mobile Fuel Cell 60%.
Total efficiency 3.58%!!!
In other words it is 6.4 times worse. Practically that means it would take 6.4 hectares of these algael vats to power a FCEV the same distance that you could power a BEV with 1 hectare of land covered with maintenance free photoelectric panels. It's even a worse idea than electrolysis which, by using the same photoelectric panels gives you a total FCV efficiency of 7.3% or more than twice as far as algael generated hydrogen but still less than 1/3 as far as the least efficient solar powered BEV.
I know hydrogen hypesters don't like to look at the numbers, but that's where the truth lies. Without breaking laws of thermodynamics, or without some entirely new hydrogen source we have inexplicably overlooked so far, it will never make sense because it is a PISS POOR ENERGY CARRIER, much worse than even a technology as simple and old as lead acid batteries.
Odour of petrol
I don't know what petrol really smells like -- what I mostly smell is the odourents added (like the colourents) so that people don't mistake it for water or some other harmless chemical. The same would be required if some other odourless, colourless poison, like methanol, where used.
>In case anyone was wondering how Meyer's invention worked, from Wikipedia:
"Meyer's claims about the Water Fuel Cell and the car that it powered were found to be fraudulent by an Ohio court in 1996."

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